Evidence DatabaseSaved evidence
Claim evidence

Antioxidant support especially with high PUFA diets

Grade BSolid canine or strong extrapolated evidenceSave claim
Ingredient: Vitamin E · vitamin

Plain-language summary

Requirement rises with fish/omega-3 intake.

About the ingredient

What it is

Fat-soluble antioxidant.

Why it's used

Included in oils and multivitamins.

Also known as: Tocopherol

Cited studies (1)

Canine studies
  • Vitamin E requirement in dogs consuming high-PUFA diets
    Journal of Nutrition · 1991
    Save studyB
    Study summary
    Limited quality
    Design score 5/11
    Design
    controlled feeding
    Species
    dog
    Sample size
    Not reported
    Duration
    Not reported
    Controls / blinding
    Controlled feeding comparison
    Funding
    Not reported
    Strengths
    • Controlled comparison
    • Conducted in dogs
    Limitations
    • Sample size not recorded
    • Study duration not recorded

    Outcome: PUFA intake raises tocopherol need

Products in our catalog with Vitamin E (3)

Educational information only. Not veterinary advice. Grades reflect published dog research and reviewer consensus, not marketing.